{"name":"Forging Brass","grades":{"C37700":{"code":"C37700","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn39Pb2","description":"C37700 is a leaded forging brass with roughly 58-61% copper and 1.5-2.5% lead, balanced with zinc, supplied as rod and produced to ASTM B124. Its lead addition gives excellent hot forgeability with good machinability, and mechanical property limits for this grade are set by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser rather than published as fixed minimums. It is typically specified for builders' hardware and general electrical, building, and industrial hardware components.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":58,"max":61},{"element":"Pb","min":1.5,"max":2.5},{"element":"Fe","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.5},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B124","temper":"Established by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser (no fixed values published)","rows":[]},"physical":{"Melting Point - Liquidus":"893 °C (1640 °F)","Melting Point - Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.305 lb/in³)","Specific Gravity":"8.44","Electrical Conductivity":"27 %IACS at 20 °C (68 °F)","Thermal Conductivity":"119 W/m·K (69 BTU/sq ft/ft/hr/°F)","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"20.7 ×10⁻⁶/°C (11.5 ×10⁻⁶/°F, 68–572 °F)","Specific Heat":"0.377 J/g·°C (0.09 BTU/lb/°F)","Modulus of Elasticity in Tension":"103.4 GPa (15000 ksi)","Modulus of Rigidity":"38.6 GPa (5600 ksi)"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Good","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Not Recommended","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Welding":"Not Recommended","Seam Welding":"Not Recommended","Butt Welding":"Fair","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Forgeability Rating":"100","Machinability Rating":"80"},"uses":["Builders Hardware","Building","Consumer","Electrical","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW612N":{"code":"CW612N","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn39Pb2","description":"CW612N is the EN 12164 counterpart of UNS C37700, a 59-60% copper leaded brass supplied as rod in the R410 temper. Round, hex, and square sections must meet a minimum 410 N/mm² tensile strength, 230 N/mm² proof stress, and 12% elongation, reflecting its balance of forgeability and machinability from a 1.6-2.5% lead content. The alloy is used across builders' hardware and general electrical, building, and industrial hardware fittings.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":59,"max":60},{"element":"Pb","min":1.6,"max":2.5},{"element":"Sn","max":0.3},{"element":"Fe","max":0.3},{"element":"Al","max":0.05},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN 12164","temper":"R410","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"410 N/mm²","proofMin":"230 N/mm²","elongMin":"12 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"410 N/mm²","proofMin":"230 N/mm²","elongMin":"12 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"410 N/mm²","proofMin":"230 N/mm²","elongMin":"12 %"}]},"physical":{"Melting Point - Liquidus":"893 °C (1640 °F)","Melting Point - Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.305 lb/in³)","Specific Gravity":"8.44","Electrical Conductivity":"27 %IACS at 20 °C (68 °F)","Thermal Conductivity":"119 W/m·K (69 BTU/sq ft/ft/hr/°F)","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"20.7 ×10⁻⁶/°C (11.5 ×10⁻⁶/°F, 68–572 °F)","Specific Heat":"0.377 J/g·°C (0.09 BTU/lb/°F)","Modulus of Elasticity in Tension":"103.4 GPa (15000 ksi)","Modulus of Rigidity":"38.6 GPa (5600 ksi)"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Good","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Not Recommended","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Welding":"Not Recommended","Seam Welding":"Not Recommended","Butt Welding":"Fair","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Forgeability Rating":"100","Machinability Rating":"80"},"uses":["Builders Hardware","Building","Consumer","Electrical","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C37710":{"code":"C37710","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn40Pb2","description":"C37710 is a leaded forging brass with a wider compositional window than related C377-series alloys, running 56.5-60% copper and 1.0-3.0% lead, and is produced as rod to ASTM B124. As with other agreement-based grades in this family, its mechanical properties are negotiated between manufacturer and purchaser rather than fixed by the standard. It serves the same hardware, electrical, building, and industrial applications as its sibling forging brasses.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":56.5,"max":60},{"element":"Pb","min":1,"max":3},{"element":"Fe","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.5},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B124","temper":"Established by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser (no fixed values published)","rows":[]},"physical":{"Melting Point - Liquidus":"893 °C (1640 °F)","Melting Point - Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.305 lb/in³)","Specific Gravity":"8.44","Electrical Conductivity":"27 %IACS at 20 °C (68 °F)","Thermal Conductivity":"119 W/m·K (69 BTU/sq ft/ft/hr/°F)","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"20.7 ×10⁻⁶/°C (11.5 ×10⁻⁶/°F, 68–572 °F)","Specific Heat":"0.377 J/g·°C (0.09 BTU/lb/°F)","Modulus of Elasticity in Tension":"103.4 GPa (15000 ksi)","Modulus of Rigidity":"38.6 GPa (5600 ksi)"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Good","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Not Recommended","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Welding":"Not Recommended","Seam Welding":"Not Recommended","Butt Welding":"Fair","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Forgeability Rating":"100","Machinability Rating":"80"},"uses":["Builders Hardware","Building","Consumer","Electrical","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C38000":{"code":"C38000","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn40Pb2","description":"C38000 is a leaded alpha-beta brass with a small aluminium addition that lends a bright golden colour and strong free-machining behaviour, formulated at 55-60% copper with 1.5-2.5% lead. Supplied as extruded rod and flat bar to ASTM B455 in the HO2 temper, round and hex sections meet a minimum 330 MPa tensile strength, 110 MPa proof stress, and 15% elongation. This combination of forgeability and machinability makes it a standard choice for builders' hardware components.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":55,"max":60},{"element":"Pb","min":1.5,"max":2.5},{"element":"Fe","max":0.35},{"element":"Al","max":0.5},{"element":"Sn","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.5},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B455","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"110 MPa","elongMin":"15 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"110 MPa","elongMin":"15 %"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","CTE, linear":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 µin/in-°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.380 J/g·°C (0.0908 BTU/lb-°F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Melting Point":"882–899 °C (1620–1650 °F)","Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"95.00%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW617N":{"code":"CW617N","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn40Pb2","description":"CW617N is one of the most widely specified forging brasses, combining 57-59% copper with 1.6-2.5% lead as a reference alloy for hot working with good drop-forging machinability. Supplied to EN 12164 in the R430 temper, round, hex, square, and rectangular sections all meet a minimum 430 N/mm² tensile strength, 220 N/mm² proof stress, and 10% elongation. Its balance of hot formability and machinability suits complex profiles used in architectural and builders' hardware components.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":57,"max":59},{"element":"Al","max":0.05},{"element":"Fe","max":0.3},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Pb","min":1.6,"max":2.5},{"element":"Sn","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN 12164","temper":"R430","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"430 N/mm²","proofMin":"220 N/mm²","elongMin":"10 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"430 N/mm²","proofMin":"220 N/mm²","elongMin":"10 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"430 N/mm²","proofMin":"220 N/mm²","elongMin":"10 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"430 N/mm²","proofMin":"220 N/mm²","elongMin":"10 %"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","CTE, linear":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 µin/in-°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.380 J/g·°C (0.0908 BTU/lb-°F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Melting Point":"882–899 °C (1620–1650 °F)","Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"95.00%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CZ122":{"code":"CZ122","standard":"BS","family":"CuZn40Pb2","description":"CZ122 is the BS 2874 equivalent within the CuZn40Pb2 hot-forging brass family, formulated with 56.5-58.5% copper and 1.5-2.5% lead for good drop-forging machinability. In the M temper it delivers a minimum tensile strength of 350-380 N/mm² with 25-28% elongation depending on section size, trading some strength for extra ductility above 40 mm. Like its EN and JIS counterparts it targets architectural and builders' hardware forgings.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":56.5,"max":58.5},{"element":"Pb","min":1.5,"max":2.5},{"element":"Fe","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.7},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"BS 2874","temper":"M","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"18 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"18 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"40 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","elongMin":"28 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"18 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"18 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"40 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","elongMin":"28 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"18 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"18 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"40 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","elongMin":"28 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"18 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"18 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"40 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","elongMin":"28 %"}]},"physical":{"Melting Point - Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)","Melting Point - Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 ×10⁻⁶/°F, 68–572 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"95.00%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C3771":{"code":"C3771","standard":"JIS","family":"CuZn40Pb2","description":"C3771 is the JIS H3250 designation for this leaded alpha-beta forging brass, containing 57-61% copper with 1.0-2.5% lead and a combined tin-plus-iron limit of 1.0%. In the BD temper it achieves a minimum tensile strength of 315 N/mm² with 15% elongation across round, hex, square, and rectangular sections from 6-75 mm. Its forgeable, free-cutting character makes it well suited to builders' hardware and architectural extrusions.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":57,"max":61},{"element":"Pb","min":1,"max":2.5},{"element":"Sn+Fe","max":1},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"JIS H3250","temper":"BD","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"315 N/mm²","elongMin":"15 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"315 N/mm²","elongMin":"15 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"315 N/mm²","elongMin":"15 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"315 N/mm²","elongMin":"15 %"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","CTE, linear":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 µin/in-°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.380 J/g·°C (0.0908 BTU/lb-°F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Melting Point":"882–899 °C (1620–1650 °F)","Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"95%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"6912 FLB":{"code":"6912 FLB","standard":"IS","family":"CuZn40Pb2","description":"6912 FLB is the Indian Standard grade within the CuZn40Pb2 forging brass family, using a 56.5-60% copper and 0.6-2.0% lead composition. In the HB temper it provides a minimum 310 MPa tensile strength and 25% elongation across round, hex, square, and rectangular sections up to 75 mm. It targets the same architectural and builders' hardware applications as its EN, BS, and JIS counterparts.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":56.5,"max":60},{"element":"Pb","min":0.6,"max":2},{"element":"Fe","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.75},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"IS 6912 FLB","temper":"HB","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","elongMin":"25 %"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","CTE, linear":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 µin/in-°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.380 J/g·°C (0.0908 BTU/lb-°F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Melting Point":"882–899 °C (1620–1650 °F)","Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"95%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW608N":{"code":"CW608N","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn38Pb2","description":"CW608N is a leaded machining brass at 60-61% copper, formulated to combine strong machinability with a level of cold-working capability not found in the higher-lead CuZn40Pb2 grades. Supplied to EN 12164 in the R410 temper, its round, hex, and square sections meet a 410 N/mm² minimum tensile strength, 230 N/mm² proof stress, and 12% elongation, backed by a 90% machinability rating. It is commonly used for furniture fittings, window hardware, valve parts, decorative metalwork, gears, cams, fasteners, and instrument housings.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":60,"max":61},{"element":"Pb","min":1.6,"max":2.5},{"element":"Sn","max":0.2},{"element":"Fe","max":0.2},{"element":"Al","max":0.05},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN 12164","temper":"R410","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"410 N/mm²","proofMin":"230 N/mm²","elongMin":"12 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"410 N/mm²","proofMin":"230 N/mm²","elongMin":"12 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"410 N/mm²","proofMin":"230 N/mm²","elongMin":"12 %"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.44 g/cm³","Electrical Conductivity":"24 %IACS at 20 °C (68 °F)","Thermal Conductivity":"109 W/m·K at 20 °C (68 °F)","Thermal Expansion Coefficient":"20.4 ×10⁻⁶/K","Modulus of Elasticity":"102 GPa"},"fabrication":{"Machinability":"90%","Cold Working Capacity":"Fair","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent","Resistance Welding":"Good","Soft Soldering":"Excellent","Hot Working Temperature":"650–750 °C","Soft Annealing":"450–650 °C (1–3 hr)"},"uses":["Furniture","Window Fittings","Valve Parts","Decorative Metalwork","Gears","Cams","Fasteners","Clock and Instrument Casings"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CZ128":{"code":"CZ128","standard":"BS","family":"CuZn38Pb2","description":"CZ128 is the BS 2874 equivalent of the CuZn38Pb2 machining-and-cold-working brass, with 58.5-61% copper and 1.5-2.5% lead. In temper M its tensile strength ranges from 350 to 380 N/mm² with elongation between 22 and 25% depending on section size, alongside a 90% machinability rating and good hot-working capacity. It is applied in furniture fittings, window fittings, valves, decorative metalwork, castings, gears, cams, and fasteners.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":58.5,"max":61},{"element":"Pb","min":1.5,"max":2.5},{"element":"Fe","max":0.2},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.5},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"BS 2874","temper":"M","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"18 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"22 %"},{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"18 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"22 %"},{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"40 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"18 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"22 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"18 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"22 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"40 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"18 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"22 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"18 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"22 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"40 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"18 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"22 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"18 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"380 N/mm²","elongMin":"22 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"40 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","elongMin":"25 %"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.44 g/cm³","Electrical Conductivity":"24 %IACS at 20 °C (68 °F)","Thermal Conductivity":"109 W/m·K at 20 °C (68 °F)","Thermal Expansion Coefficient":"20.4 ×10⁻⁶/K","Modulus of Elasticity":"102 GPa"},"fabrication":{"Machinability (CuZn39Pb3 = 100%)":"90%","Cold Working Capacity":"Fair","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent","Resistance Welding (Butt)":"Good","Inert Gas Arc":"Poor","Gas Welding":"Poor","Hard Soldering":"Fair","Soft Soldering":"Excellent","Melting Range":"895–900 °C","Hot Working Temperature":"650–750 °C","Soft Annealing":"450–650 °C (1–3 hr)","Thermal Stress Relieving":"200–300 °C (1–3 hr)"},"uses":["Furniture","Window Fittings","Valve Parts","Decorative Metalwork","Clock and Instrument Castings","Gears","Cams","Fasteners"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW613N":{"code":"CW613N","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn39Pb2Sn","description":"CW613N adds a small tin addition of 0.2-0.5% to a standard 59-60% copper, 1.6-2.5% lead forging brass base to improve strength and corrosion resistance. Supplied to EN 12165 in the H070 temper, it is specified by hardness rather than tensile properties, with round, hex, square, and rectangular sections required to fall between 70 and 170 HV. Its 80% machinability rating and excellent hot-working capacity suit architectural and builders' hardware forgings.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":59,"max":60},{"element":"Pb","min":1.6,"max":2.5},{"element":"Sn","min":0.2,"max":0.5},{"element":"Fe","max":0.4},{"element":"Al","max":0.1},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN 12165","temper":"H070","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","hardnessMin":"70 HV","hardnessMax":"170 HV"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","hardnessMin":"70 HV","hardnessMax":"170 HV"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","hardnessMin":"70 HV","hardnessMax":"170 HV"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","hardnessMin":"70 HV","hardnessMax":"170 HV"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","CTE, linear":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 µin/in-°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.380 J/g·°C (0.0908 BTU/lb-°F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Melting Point":"882–899 °C (1620–1650 °F)","Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"80.00%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW616N":{"code":"CW616N","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn40Pb1Al","description":"CW616N is a lower-lead (1.0-2.0% Pb), aluminium-bearing forging brass at 57-59% copper that gives a bright golden finish along with free-cutting properties. Produced to EN 12165 in the H080 temper, its sections are specified by hardness, with limits of 80 to 170 HV. With a 95% machinability rating and excellent hot-working capacity, it is used in extruded rod and flat products for architectural and builders' hardware.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":57,"max":59},{"element":"Pb","min":1,"max":2},{"element":"Sn","max":0.2},{"element":"Fe","max":0.2},{"element":"Al","min":0.05,"max":0.3},{"element":"Ni","max":0.2},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN 12165","temper":"H080","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","hardnessMin":"80 HV","hardnessMax":"170 HV"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","hardnessMin":"80 HV","hardnessMax":"170 HV"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","hardnessMin":"80 HV","hardnessMax":"170 HV"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"-","sizeTo":"50 mm","hardnessMin":"80 HV","hardnessMax":"170 HV"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","CTE, linear":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 µin/in-°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.380 J/g·°C (0.0908 BTU/lb-°F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Melting Point":"882–899 °C (1620–1650 °F)","Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"95%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW619N":{"code":"CW619N","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn40Pb2Sn","description":"CW619N combines a higher lead content (1.6-2.5%) with a small tin addition (0.2-0.5%) at 57-59% copper to add strength and corrosion resistance over the standard forging brass base. Produced to EN 12167 in the H110 temper, its round, hex, square, and rectangular sections from 6-60 mm carry a minimum hardness of 110 HV. It offers a 95% machinability rating with excellent hot-working capacity for architectural and builders' hardware components.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":57,"max":59},{"element":"Pb","min":1.6,"max":2.5},{"element":"Sn","min":0.2,"max":0.5},{"element":"Fe","max":0.4},{"element":"Al","max":0.1},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN 12167","temper":"H110","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","hardnessMin":"110 HV"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","hardnessMin":"110 HV"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","hardnessMin":"110 HV"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","hardnessMin":"110 HV"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","CTE, linear":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 µin/in-°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.380 J/g·°C (0.0908 BTU/lb-°F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Melting Point":"882–899 °C (1620–1650 °F)","Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"95%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"8737 MOD":{"code":"8737 MOD","standard":"IS","family":"CuZn39Pb2Mn","description":"8737 MOD is an Indian Standard manganese-modified forging brass with 56.5-60% copper, 1.0-2.0% lead, and a minimum 0.5% manganese addition, developed specifically for hot-worked LPG valve components. In the HB temper it achieves a minimum 392 MPa tensile strength and 18% elongation across round, hex, and square sections up to 75 mm. Its 80% machinability rating combined with excellent hot-working capacity supports the forming demands of valve manufacture.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":56.5,"max":60},{"element":"Pb","min":1,"max":2},{"element":"Fe","max":0.3},{"element":"Mn","min":0.5},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.75},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"IS 8737 MOD","temper":"HB","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"392 MPa","elongMin":"18 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"392 MPa","elongMin":"18 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"392 MPa","elongMin":"18 %"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","CTE, linear":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 µin/in-°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.380 J/g·°C (0.0908 BTU/lb-°F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Melting Point":"882–899 °C (1620–1650 °F)","Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"80%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent"},"uses":["LPG Valves"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"6912 FMnB":{"code":"6912 FMnB","standard":"IS","family":"CuZn39Pb2Mn","description":"6912 FMnB is a manganese-bearing Indian Standard forging brass, combining 56.5-60% copper with 0.5-1.2% manganese and up to 1.5% lead for added strength and corrosion resistance versus plain leaded forging brasses. In the HB temper it meets a minimum 395 MPa tensile strength and 20% elongation across round, hex, square, and rectangular sections up to 75 mm. Its 80% machinability rating and hot-forming capability make it suited to LPG valve and similar heavy-duty forged components.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":56.5,"max":60},{"element":"Pb","min":1,"max":1.5},{"element":"Fe","max":0.3},{"element":"Mn","min":0.5,"max":1.2},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.75},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"6912 FHTB2","temper":"HB","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"395 MPa","elongMin":"20 %"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"395 MPa","elongMin":"20 %"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"395 MPa","elongMin":"20 %"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"395 MPa","elongMin":"20 %"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","CTE, linear":"25.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (14.4 µin/in-°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.380 J/g·°C (0.0908 BTU/lb-°F)","Thermal Conductivity":"113 W/m·K (784 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F)","Melting Point":"882–899 °C (1620–1650 °F)","Solidus":"882 °C (1620 °F)","Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability Rating":"80%","Cold Working Capacity":"Poor","Hot Working Capacity":"Equivalent Alloy"},"uses":["LPG Valves"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C37000":{"code":"C37000","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn37Pb","description":"C37000 is a leaded 60/40-type brass at 59-62% copper and 0.8-1.5% lead, engineered for high-volume, free-machining production to ASTM B455 in the HO2 temper, with mechanical properties set by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser rather than fixed limits. Its fabrication profile shows a machinability rating of 70 and excellent cold-working capacity, alongside good brazing and fair butt-welding response. It is used primarily for automatic screw-machine parts.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":59,"max":62},{"element":"Pb","min":0.8,"max":1.5},{"element":"Fe","max":0.15},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.4},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B455","temper":"HO2","rows":[]},"physical":{"Melting Point - Liquidus":"899 °C (1650 °F)","Melting Point - Solidus":"888 °C (1630 °F)","Density":"8.41 g/cm³ (0.304 lb/in³)","Specific Gravity":"8.41","Electrical Conductivity":"27 %IACS at 20 °C (68 °F)","Thermal Conductivity":"119 W/m·K (69 BTU/sq ft/ft/hr/°F)","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"20.9 ×10⁻⁶/°C (11.6 ×10⁻⁶/°F, 68–572 °F)","Specific Heat":"0.377 J/g·°C (0.09 BTU/lb/°F)","Modulus of Elasticity in Tension":"103.4 GPa (15000 ksi)","Modulus of Rigidity":"38.6 GPa (5600 ksi)"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Good","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Not Recommended","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Welding":"Not Recommended","Seam Welding":"Not Recommended","Butt Welding":"Fair","Capacity for Being Cold Worked":"Excellent","Machinability Rating":"70"},"uses":["Automatic Screw Machine Parts"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"}}}