{"name":"Lead Free Brass","grades":{"4170":{"code":"4170","standard":"IS","family":"CuZn40","description":"IS 4170 is the Indian Standard grade for lead-free Muntz-type machining brass, with copper set between 59-62% and a notably higher permissible lead content of up to 0.75% compared to other CuZn40 variants. Its IS 4170 Temper M mechanical table lists a 25% minimum elongation across round, hex, square, and rectangular sections, uniform regardless of size. Physical properties, including density and melting range, closely track the wider CuZn40 family, supporting the same architectural and fastener uses.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":59,"max":62},{"element":"Pb","max":0.75},{"element":"Fe","max":0.1},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"IS 4170","temper":"M","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"35 N/mm²","elongMin":"25%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"35 N/mm²","elongMin":"25%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"35 N/mm²","elongMin":"25%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"35 N/mm²","elongMin":"25%"}]},"physical":{"Melting Point (Solidus)":"899 °C (1650 °F)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"904 °C (1660 °F)","Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"71 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F at 68°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.6 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Fair","Hot Forming Capacity":"Excellent","Forgeability Rating":"90","Machinability Rating":"40"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware","Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"4413":{"code":"4413","standard":"IS","family":"CuZn37","description":"IS 4413 is the Indian Standard designation for CuZn37 lead-free yellow brass, matching the 62-65% copper composition common to this family while permitting up to 0.30% lead and 0.10% iron. In the HB temper, all cross-sections are qualified to the same 460-620 MPa tensile strength band used in the corresponding British Standard grade. It targets the same cold-formed fastener and general industrial applications as its international counterparts.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":62,"max":65},{"element":"Pb","max":0.3},{"element":"Fe","max":0.1},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.6},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"IS 4413","temper":"HB","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"6 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"6 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"6 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"6 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"}]},"physical":{"Melting Point (Liquidus)":"916 °C (1680 °F)","Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.305 lb/in³)","Electrical Conductivity":"27.6% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.4 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F","Modulus of Elasticity (Tension)":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Spot Weld":"Good","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Forming":"Fair","Machinability Rating":"35%"},"uses":["Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C27000":{"code":"C27000","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn35","description":"C27000 is a lead-free copper-zinc alloy holding 63.0-68.5% copper with the balance zinc, formulated to combine moderate-to-good strength with dependable ductility. Trace lead (0.10% max) and iron (0.70% max) are tightly controlled to preserve corrosion resistance across rod, bar, sheet, and plate product forms. Its balance of strength and formability suits architectural, electrical, and plumbing hardware.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":63,"max":68.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.1},{"element":"Fe","max":0.7},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"UNS J463","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Diameter)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"545 MPa","utsMax":"650 MPa"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"545 MPa","utsMax":"650 MPa"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"545 MPa","utsMax":"650 MPa"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.47 g/cm³ (0.306 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"932 °C (1710 °F)","Melting Point (Solidus)":"905 °C (1660 °F)","Electrical Conductivity":"27% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.3 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F","Modulus of Elasticity (Tension)":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Welding":"Good","Seam Welding":"Not Recommended","Butt Welding":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Excellent","Hot Forming Capacity":"Poor","Machinability Rating":"30%"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Marine","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C27200":{"code":"C27200","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn37","description":"C27200 (CuZn37) is a yellow brass with a minimum of 62% copper, engineered as a primary alloy for cold-forming operations. Lead and iron are each held to very low ceilings (0.07% max) to keep the material lead-free while preserving workability. The lower relative copper content makes it an economical option for fasteners, marine hardware, and plumbing components.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":62,"max":65},{"element":"Pb","max":0.07},{"element":"Fe","max":0.07},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B36","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"385 MPa","utsMax":"455 MPa","hardnessMin":"60 HRB","hardnessMax":"76 HRB"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"385 MPa","utsMax":"455 MPa","hardnessMin":"60 HRB","hardnessMax":"76 HRB"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"385 MPa","utsMax":"455 MPa","hardnessMin":"60 HRB","hardnessMax":"76 HRB"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.305 lb/in³) at 68°F","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"1680 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"27.6% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F at 68°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.4 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity (Tension)":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"uses":["Fasteners","Industrial","Marine","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"partial"},"C27400":{"code":"C27400","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn37","description":"C27400 is a lead-free yellow brass containing a minimum of 61% copper, purpose-built for cold-forming applications where reliable ductility is required. Its chemistry keeps lead below 0.10% and iron below 0.05%, and mechanical properties are graded by size across round, hex, square, and rectangular sections. The alloy’s combination of moderate strength and good elongation suits general fastener and industrial fabrication work.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":61,"max":64},{"element":"Pb","max":0.1},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B927","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"365 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"205 MPa","elongMin":"13%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"295 MPa","proofMin":"195 MPa","elongMin":"15%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"365 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"205 MPa","elongMin":"13%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"295 MPa","proofMin":"195 MPa","elongMin":"15%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"345 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","proofMin":"115 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"275 MPa","proofMin":"105 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"345 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","proofMin":"115 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"275 MPa","proofMin":"105 MPa","elongMin":"20%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.31 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"1680 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"27% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F at 68°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.4 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity (Tension)":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Excellent","Hot Forming Capacity":"Fair","Machinability Rating":"35"},"uses":["Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C27450":{"code":"C27450","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn37","description":"C27450 is a lead-free yellow brass variant within the CuZn37 family, formulated with 60-65% copper and slightly wider impurity tolerances for lead (0.25% max) and iron (0.35% max) than closely related grades. Its ASTM B927 HO2 temper mechanical data follows the standard cold-forming brass profile, with strength decreasing and elongation increasing as section size grows. This makes it suitable for fasteners and general industrial components produced by cold heading and forming.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":60,"max":65},{"element":"Pb","max":0.25},{"element":"Fe","max":0.35},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.5},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B927","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"365 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"205 MPa","elongMin":"13%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"295 MPa","proofMin":"195 MPa","elongMin":"15%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"365 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"205 MPa","elongMin":"13%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"295 MPa","proofMin":"195 MPa","elongMin":"15%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"345 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","proofMin":"115 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"275 MPa","proofMin":"105 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"345 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","proofMin":"115 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"275 MPa","proofMin":"105 MPa","elongMin":"20%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.31 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"1680 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"27% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F at 68°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.4 × 10⁻⁶/°F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Working":"Fair","Machinability Rating":"35"},"uses":["Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW508L":{"code":"CW508L","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn37","description":"CW508L is the EN-designated counterpart of the CuZn37 cold-forming brass family, holding copper between 62-64% with small tin, nickel, and aluminum additions controlled below 0.30% combined. Under the EN12165 H070 temper, hardness rather than tensile strength is the specified acceptance criterion, ranging from 70 to 170 HB depending on cross-section. Its balance of formability and lead-free composition suits fastener and general industrial manufacturing.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":62,"max":64},{"element":"Pb","max":0.1},{"element":"Fe","max":0.1},{"element":"Sn","max":0.1},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Al","max":0.05},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.1},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN12165","temper":"H070","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"8 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","hardnessMin":"70 HB","hardnessMax":"170 HB"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"8 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","hardnessMin":"70 HB","hardnessMax":"170 HB"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"8 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","hardnessMin":"70 HB","hardnessMax":"170 HB"}]},"physical":{"Melting Point (Liquidus)":"916 °C (1680 °F)","Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.305 lb/in³)","Electrical Conductivity":"27.6% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.4 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Spot Weld":"Good","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Forming":"Fair","Machinability Rating":"35%"},"uses":["Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CZ108":{"code":"CZ108","standard":"BS","family":"CuZn37","description":"CZ108 is the British Standard equivalent within the CuZn37 lead-free yellow brass family, specifying 62-65% copper with lead capped at a comparatively generous 0.30%. Under BS2873 in the half-hard (1/2H) temper, the alloy is rated by tensile strength alone, achieving 460-620 MPa regardless of round, hex, square, or rectangular section. It is commonly specified for fastener and general industrial components needing cold formability and moderate strength.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":62,"max":65},{"element":"Pb","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.6},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"BS2873","temper":"1/2H","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.305 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"1680 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"27.6% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F at 68°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.4 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity (Tension)":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Forming":"Fair","Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Spot Welding":"Good","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Butt Welding":"Not Recommended","Machinability Rating":"35"},"uses":["Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW507L":{"code":"CW507L","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn36","description":"CW507L is a lead-free brass positioned between the CuZn35 and CuZn37 families, with copper controlled between 63.5-65.5% and very low lead and iron ceilings of 0.05% each. Specified under EN12163 in the R350 temper, it delivers 350-440 MPa tensile strength with a substantial 28% minimum elongation across round, hex, square, and rectangular sections. Good corrosion resistance combined with ductility suits it to architectural, automotive, and marine hardware.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":63.5,"max":65.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.05},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"Sn","max":0.1},{"element":"Al","max":0.02},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.1},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN12163","temper":"R350","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"350 MPa","utsMax":"440 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"28%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"350 MPa","utsMax":"440 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"28%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"350 MPa","utsMax":"440 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"28%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"350 MPa","utsMax":"440 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"28%"}]},"physical":{"Melting Point (Liquidus)":"932 °C (1710 °F)","Melting Point (Solidus)":"905 °C (1660 °F)","Density":"8.47 g/cm³ (0.306 lb/in³)","Specific Gravity":"8.47","Electrical Conductivity":"27% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.3 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F","Modulus of Elasticity (Tension)":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Welding":"Good","Seam Welding":"Not Recommended","Butt Welding":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Excellent","Hot Forming Capacity":"Poor","Machinability Rating":"30"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Marine","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C27451":{"code":"C27451","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn37p","description":"C27451 is a lead-free brass containing 61-65% copper, specifically formulated and certified for drinking-water contact applications. Because its mechanical properties are established by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser rather than fixed standard tables, it is chosen primarily for lower-stress plumbing components produced by blanking, riveting, bending, and hot forging. It exhibits excellent solderability and brazeability alongside strong cold- and hot-working capacity.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":61,"max":65},{"element":"Pb","max":0.25},{"element":"Fe","max":0.35},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.5},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"UNS C27451","temper":"Established by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser (no fixed values published)","rows":[]},"physical":{"Density":"8.44 g/cm³ (0.31 lb/in³) at 68°F","Melting Point (Solidus-Liquidus)":"1650–1680 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"22.8% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F at 68°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.4 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,500 ksi","Magnetic Permeability":"1"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Excellent","Hot Working Capacity":"Excellent","Machinability Rating":"95"},"uses":["Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"partial"},"C27453":{"code":"C27453","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn38As","description":"C27453 is a lead-free yellow brass alloyed with a controlled arsenic addition (0.02-0.15%) to inhibit dezincification while maintaining good machinability and corrosion resistance. Under ASTM B283 in the M10 temper it delivers a minimum 340 MPa tensile strength with 30% elongation, consistent across round, hex, square, and rectangular sections. Its combination of strength, ductility, and dezincification resistance targets plumbing fittings, valves, and other water-contact hardware.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":61.5,"max":63.5},{"element":"Pb","min":0,"max":0.25},{"element":"Sn","min":0,"max":0.15},{"element":"Fe","min":0,"max":0.15},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true},{"element":"As","min":0.02,"max":0.15}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B283","temper":"M10","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"6.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"340 MPa","proofMin":"200 MPa","elongMin":"30%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"6.5 mm","sizeTo":"65 mm","utsMin":"340 MPa","proofMin":"200 MPa","elongMin":"30%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"6.5 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"340 MPa","proofMin":"200 MPa","elongMin":"30%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"6.0 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"340 MPa","proofMin":"200 MPa","elongMin":"30%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.42 g/cm³ (0.31 lb/in³)","Melting Range":"899–916 °C (1650–1680 °F)","Electrical Conductivity":"~28% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"~68 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–212°F)","Modulus of Elasticity":"~15,000 ksi","Specific Heat Capacity":"~0.09 BTU/lb/°F"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Welding":"Excellent","Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Working":"Excellent","Forgeability Rating":"90","Machinability Rating":"40"},"uses":["Plumbing Fittings","Valves and Faucets","Pipe Connectors and Adapters","Bearings and Bushings","Electrical Connectors","Fasteners and Threaded Parts"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW511L":{"code":"CW511L","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn38As","description":"CW511L is a dezincification-resistant, lead-free brass certified for drinking-water use, containing 61.5-63.5% copper with an arsenic addition of 0.02-0.15% per ISO 6509. Under EN12164 in the R320 temper it achieves a 320 N/mm² minimum tensile strength with 20% elongation across round, hex, and square sections from 5-60 mm. It is best suited to plumbing fittings and components produced by bending and riveting rather than high-stress structural uses.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":61.5,"max":63.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.2},{"element":"Fe","max":0.1},{"element":"Sn","max":0.1},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Al","max":0.05},{"element":"As","min":0.02,"max":0.15},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN12164","temper":"R320","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"320 N/mm²","proofMin":"200 N/mm²","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"5 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"320 N/mm²","proofMin":"200 N/mm²","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"5 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"320 N/mm²","proofMin":"200 N/mm²","elongMin":"20%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.41 g/cm³ @ 20°C","Melting Point (Solid)":"899 °C","Melting Point (Liquid)":"904 °C","Electrical Conductivity":"0.164 MS/m @ 20°C","Electrical Resistivity":"6.15 µΩ·cm @ 20°C","Modulus of Elasticity":"103,400 MPa","Modulus of Rigidity":"38,610 MPa","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"21.7 × 10⁻⁶ (20–300°C)","Specific Gravity":"8.39"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Butt Welding":"Good","Spot Welding":"Good","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Fair","Hot Forming Capacity":"Excellent","Forgeability Rating":"90","Machinability Rating":"40","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Seam Welding":"Not Recommended"},"uses":["Plumbing Fittings","Forging","Bending","Riveting"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C28000":{"code":"C28000","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn40","description":"C28000, commonly known as Muntz metal, is a lead-free brass with 59-63% copper selected for its excellent machinability rather than corrosion resistance or high strength. Under ASTM B36 in the HO2 temper, it reaches 400-485 MPa tensile strength with a hardness range of 52-80 HRB, uniform across round, hex, and square sections. It serves as a cost-effective substitute for leaded machining brass in architectural and fastener applications where extreme corrosion resistance is not required.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":59,"max":63},{"element":"Pb","max":0.3},{"element":"Fe","max":0.07},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B36","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"400 MPa","utsMax":"485 MPa","hardnessMin":"52 HRB","hardnessMax":"80 HRB"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"400 MPa","utsMax":"485 MPa","hardnessMin":"52 HRB","hardnessMax":"80 HRB"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"400 MPa","utsMax":"485 MPa","hardnessMin":"52 HRB","hardnessMax":"80 HRB"}]},"physical":{"Melting Point (Liquidus)":"905 °C (1660 °F)","Melting Point (Solidus)":"899 °C (1650 °F)","Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"71 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.6 × 10⁻⁶/°F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Fair","Hot Forming Capacity":"Excellent","Forgeability Rating":"90","Machinability Rating":"40"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware","Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW509L":{"code":"CW509L","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn40","description":"CW509L is the EN-specified equivalent of Muntz metal, holding copper between 59.0-61.5% and limiting lead, iron, and tin to 0.20% each to keep the alloy lead-free while preserving machinability. Under EN12164 in the R410 temper it delivers 410 MPa minimum tensile strength and 230 MPa proof strength with 10% elongation across round, hex, and square sections. As with other CuZn40 grades, it trades corrosion resistance and mechanical strength for a substantial machinability advantage.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":59,"max":61.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.2},{"element":"Fe","max":0.2},{"element":"Sn","max":0.2},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Al","max":0.05},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN12164","temper":"R410","rows":[{"shape":"Round","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"410 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Hex","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"410 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Square","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"410 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"1660 °F","Melting Point (Solidus)":"1650 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS @ 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"71 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F @ 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.6 × 10⁻⁶/°F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F @ 68°F"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Cold Working":"Fair","Hot Forming":"Excellent","Forgeability Rating":"90","Machinability Rating":"40%","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Welding":"Good","Butt Welding":"Good"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware","Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CZ109":{"code":"CZ109","standard":"BS","family":"CuZn40","description":"CZ109 is the British Standard designation for lead-free Muntz metal, specifying 59-62% copper with lead capped at just 0.10%, tighter than most other CuZn40 variants. Under BS2874 in the M temper, it is qualified to a minimum tensile strength of 340 N/mm² with 25% elongation, identical across round, hex, square, and rectangular sections. It functions as an economical machining brass for architectural and fastener applications not requiring high corrosion resistance.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":59,"max":62},{"element":"Pb","max":0.1},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3}],"mechanical":{"standard":"BS2874","temper":"M","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"340 N/mm²","elongMin":"25%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"340 N/mm²","elongMin":"25%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"340 N/mm²","elongMin":"25%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"340 N/mm²","elongMin":"25%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"1660 °F","Melting Point (Solidus)":"1650 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"71 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.6 × 10⁻⁶/°F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Fair","Hot Forming Capacity":"Excellent","Forgeability Rating":"90","Machinability Rating":"40"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware","Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C2800":{"code":"C2800","standard":"JIS","family":"CuZn40","description":"C2800 is the JIS-designated lead-free Muntz metal, matching the 59-63% copper composition typical of the CuZn40 family. Under the JIS 2800 BD temper it is qualified only to a minimum tensile strength of 375 MPa with 10% minimum elongation for round, hex, square, and rectangular sections, without separate proof strength or hardness requirements. Like related CuZn40 grades, it favors machinability over corrosion resistance for cost-sensitive architectural and fastener uses.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":59,"max":63},{"element":"Pb","max":0.1},{"element":"Fe","max":0.07},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"JIS 2800","temper":"BD","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"375 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"375 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"375 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"375 MPa","elongMin":"10%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Solidus)":"1650 °F","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"1660 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"71 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.6 × 10⁻⁶/°F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Fair","Hot Forming Capacity":"Excellent","Forgeability Rating":"90","Machinability Rating":"40"},"uses":["Architecture","Builders Hardware","Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C28500":{"code":"C28500","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn42","description":"C28500 is a lead-free, higher-zinc machining brass with copper reduced to 57-59%, positioned as an economical member of the Muntz metal family. Its ASTM B927 HO2 mechanical data shows a pronounced strength gradient by section size, from 480 MPa UTS and 300 MPa proof strength at small diameters down to 410 MPa and 180 MPa at larger sizes, with elongation rising correspondingly from 8% to 18%. High forgeability (rated 100) and machinability (rated 60) make it well suited to fasteners and general industrial hardware.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":57,"max":59},{"element":"Pb","max":0.25},{"element":"Fe","max":0.35},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.9},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B927","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"480 MPa","proofMin":"300 MPa","elongMin":"8%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"450 MPa","proofMin":"250 MPa","elongMin":"12%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"410 MPa","proofMin":"180 MPa","elongMin":"18%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"480 MPa","proofMin":"300 MPa","elongMin":"8%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"450 MPa","proofMin":"250 MPa","elongMin":"12%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"410 MPa","proofMin":"180 MPa","elongMin":"18%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"480 MPa","proofMin":"300 MPa","elongMin":"8%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"450 MPa","proofMin":"250 MPa","elongMin":"12%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"410 MPa","proofMin":"180 MPa","elongMin":"18%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"480 MPa","proofMin":"300 MPa","elongMin":"8%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"450 MPa","proofMin":"250 MPa","elongMin":"12%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"410 MPa","proofMin":"180 MPa","elongMin":"18%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.39 g/cm³ (0.303 lb/in³)","Melting Point - Liquidus":"1650 °F","Melting Point - Solidus":"1630 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"29% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"58 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F at 68°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (68-212°F)":"11 × 10⁻⁶ per °F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (68-572°F)":"121 × 10⁻⁶ per °F","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"12,300 ksi (84,840 MPa)"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Fair","Hot Forming Capacity":"Excellent","Forgeability Rating":"100","Machinability Rating":"60"},"uses":["Fasteners","Industrial"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW510L":{"code":"CW510L","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn42","description":"CW510L is the EN equivalent of the higher-zinc CuZn42 machining brass, with copper held between 57-59% and small tin, nickel, and iron allowances up to 0.30% each. Under EN12164 temper 430, it delivers 430 N/mm² minimum tensile strength with 220 N/mm² proof strength and 10% elongation for round, hex, and square sections. Excellent hot workability paired with poor cold-working performance points its use toward hot-formed fasteners and components made by bending and riveting.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":57,"max":59},{"element":"Pb","max":0.2},{"element":"Fe","max":0.3},{"element":"Sn","max":0.3},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Al","max":0.05},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN12164","temper":"430","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"40 mm","utsMin":"430 N/mm²","proofMin":"220 N/mm²","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"430 N/mm²","proofMin":"220 N/mm²","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"2 mm","sizeTo":"35 mm","utsMin":"430 N/mm²","proofMin":"220 N/mm²","elongMin":"10%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.41 g/cm³","Electrical Conductivity":"31% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"139 W/(m·K)","Thermal Expansion Coefficient (0–300°C)":"21.70 × 10⁻⁶ /K","Modulus of Elasticity":"107 GPa","Melting Range":"870–900 °C"},"fabrication":{"Machinability":"60% (relative to CuZn39Pb3)","Cold Working":"Poor","Hot Working":"Excellent (650–750°C)","Soft Soldering":"Excellent","Hard Soldering/Brazing":"Excellent","Welding (Resistance/Arc/Gas)":"Fair","Soft Annealing":"450–550°C (1–3 h)","Thermal Stress Relieving":"250–350°C (1–3 h)"},"uses":["Bending","Forging","Riveting"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C26000":{"code":"C26000","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn30","description":"C26000, widely known as cartridge brass, is a lead-free high-copper alloy (68.5-71.5% Cu) prized for combining excellent cold-formability with good mechanical strength, making it a classic choice for deep-drawn components. Under ASTM B927 HO2 temper, round, hex, and square sections all meet a 345 MPa minimum tensile strength at small diameters, tapering to 275 MPa with 20% elongation at larger sizes. Its high electrical conductivity and strong solderability extend its use into electrical, automotive, and ordnance applications.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":68.5,"max":71.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.07},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B927","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"345 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","proofMin":"115 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"275 MPa","proofMin":"105 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"345 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","proofMin":"115 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"275 MPa","proofMin":"105 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"345 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","proofMin":"115 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"275 MPa","proofMin":"105 MPa","elongMin":"20%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.53 g/cm³ (0.308 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"954 °C (1750 °F)","Melting Point (Solidus)":"916 °C (1680 °F)","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"70 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"16,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"6,000 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Forming":"Fair","Machinability Rating":"30%","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Good","Butt Welding":"Good","Spot Welding":"Fair","Seam Welding":"Not Recommended"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Consumer products","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Ordnance","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW505L":{"code":"CW505L","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn30","description":"CW505L is the EN-specified cartridge brass, matching C26000’s high-copper composition (69-71% Cu) with tighter impurity control (lead and iron each capped at 0.05%) for lead-free compliance. Under ASTM B927 HO2 temper it is qualified across round, hex, and square sections up to 75 mm, with a substantial 21% minimum elongation reflecting its deep-drawing character. Excellent solderability, brazeability, and cold-forming performance suit it to automotive, electrical, and ordnance components.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":69,"max":71},{"element":"Pb","max":0.05},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"Sn","max":0.1},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Al","max":0.02},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.1},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B927","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","proofMin":"430 N/mm²","elongMin":"21%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","proofMin":"430 N/mm²","elongMin":"21%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"350 N/mm²","proofMin":"430 N/mm²","elongMin":"21%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.53 g/cm³ (0.308 lb/in³)","Melting Point - Liquidus":"954 °C (1750 °F)","Melting Point - Solidus":"916 °C (1680 °F)","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"70 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.1 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F","Modulus of Elasticity (Tension)":"16,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"6,000 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Forming":"Fair","Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Good","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Fair","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Machinability Rating":"30"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Consumer products","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Ordnance","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CZ106":{"code":"CZ106","standard":"BS","family":"CuZn30","description":"CZ106 is the British Standard dezincification-resistant cartridge brass, sharing the 68.5-71.5% copper range of the wider CuZn30 family with tight lead and iron limits of 0.05% each. Its pure alpha-phase structure and excellent cold-working properties suit coining, riveting, crimping, flanging, and cold extrusion, and under BS2873 half-hard temper it reaches 460-620 MPa tensile strength across all standard sections. It is specifically recommended for components exposed to warm, acidic water.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":68.5,"max":71.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.05},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"BS2873","temper":"1/2H","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Rectangle","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.55 g/cm³","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"126 W/(m·K)","Thermal Expansion Coefficient":"19.7 × 10⁻⁶/K (0–300°C)","Modulus of Elasticity":"114 GPa","Melting Range":"910–965 °C"},"fabrication":{"Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Working":"Fair (750–870°C)","Machinability":"25% (relative to CuZn39Pb3)","Soft Soldering":"Excellent","Hard Soldering":"Excellent","Gas Welding":"Good","Resistance Welding (butt)":"Good","Inert Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Soft Annealing":"450–680°C (1–3 h)","Thermal Stress Relieving":"200–300°C (1–3 h)"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Consumer products","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Ordnance","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C26800":{"code":"C26800","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn33","description":"C26800 sits at 64.0-68.5% copper, positioned between the higher-copper cartridge brasses and the CuZn37 yellow brasses to balance deep-drawing performance with mechanical strength. ASTM B927 HO2 mechanical data closely mirrors C27400/C27450, with round and hex sections rated at 365 MPa UTS and 230 MPa proof strength at small diameters, and square and rectangular sections rated slightly lower at 345 MPa. Its excellent cold-forming and soldering characteristics make it well suited to architectural, automotive, and marine fastener applications.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":64,"max":68.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.09},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B927","temper":"HO2","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"365 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"205 MPa","elongMin":"13%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"295 MPa","proofMin":"195 MPa","elongMin":"15%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"365 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"205 MPa","elongMin":"13%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"295 MPa","proofMin":"195 MPa","elongMin":"15%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"345 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","proofMin":"115 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"275 MPa","proofMin":"105 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"345 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"310 MPa","proofMin":"115 MPa","elongMin":"20%"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"275 MPa","proofMin":"105 MPa","elongMin":"20%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.47 g/cm³ (0.306 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"932 °C (1710 °F)","Melting Point (Solidus)":"904 °C (1660 °F)","Electrical Conductivity":"27% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.3 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity (Tension)":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Welding":"Good","Seam Welding":"Not Recommended","Butt Welding":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Excellent","Hot Forming Capacity":"Poor","Machinability Rating":"30"},"uses":["Fasteners","Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Electrical","Marine","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C26200":{"code":"C26200","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn33","description":"C26200 offers the highest ductility within the CuZn33 grouping, with copper set between 67-70% and very tight impurity limits (iron 0.05% max, total others 0.03% max). The alloy is formulated for primary forming into wrought products and carries a moderately high melting point relative to other wrought brasses. Its strong formability and corrosion resistance suit decorative, automotive, and ordnance components.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":67,"max":70},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true},{"element":"Pb","max":0.07},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.03}],"mechanical":{"standard":"UNS C26200","temper":"HO2","rows":[]},"physical":{"Density":"8.53 g/cm³ (0.308 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"954 °C (1750 °F)","Melting Point (Solidus)":"916 °C (1680 °F)","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"70 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"16,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"6,000 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Forming":"Fair","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Spot Weld":"Good"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Ordnance","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"partial"},"CW506L":{"code":"CW506L","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn33","description":"CW506L is the EN-designated deep-draw brass within the CuZn33 family, with copper narrowed to 66-68% and lead, iron, tin, nickel, and aluminum impurities each held below 0.30%. Under EN12163 R350 temper it achieves 350 MPa minimum tensile strength with a notably high 23% elongation across round, hex, and square sections up to 75 mm. Excellent cold-forming, soldering, and brazing characteristics support automotive, electrical, and consumer-goods applications.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":66,"max":68},{"element":"Pb","max":0.05},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"Sn","max":0.1},{"element":"Ni","max":0.3},{"element":"Al","max":0.02},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.1},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN12163","temper":"R350","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Diameter)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"350 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"23%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"350 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"23%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"350 MPa","proofMin":"170 MPa","elongMin":"23%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.47 g/cm³ (0.306 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"1710 °F","Melting Point (Solidus)":"1660 °F","Electrical Conductivity":"27% IACS at 68°F","Thermal Conductivity":"67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F at 68°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.3 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F at 68°F","Modulus of Elasticity (Tension)":"15,000 ksi","Modulus of Rigidity":"5,600 ksi"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working Capacity":"Excellent","Hot Forming Capacity":"Poor","Machinability Rating":"30%"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Consumer goods","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Ordnance","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CZ107":{"code":"CZ107","standard":"BS","family":"CuZn33","description":"CZ107 is the British Standard grade within the CuZn33 family, with copper ranging 64-67% and moderate lead and iron allowances of 0.10% each. Under BS2873 half-hard temper it is rated for 460-620 MPa tensile strength across round, hex, square, and rectangular sections, though proof strength, elongation, and hardness limits are not separately specified. Good corrosion resistance and ductility support its use in architectural, automotive, and marine hardware.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":64,"max":67},{"element":"Pb","max":0.1},{"element":"Fe","max":0.1},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.5},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"BS2873","temper":"1/2H","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"},{"shape":"Rectangle (Thickness)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"460 MPa","utsMax":"620 MPa"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.47 g/cm³ (0.306 lb/in³)","Melting Point (Liquidus)":"938 °C (1710 °F)","Melting Point (Solidus)":"904 °C (1660 °F)","Electrical Conductivity":"27% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"116 W/m·K (67 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F)","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.3 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)","Specific Heat Capacity":"0.09 BTU/lb/°F","Modulus of Elasticity":"103 GPa (15,000 ksi)","Modulus of Rigidity":"39 GPa (5,600 ksi)"},"fabrication":{"Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Oxyacetylene Welding":"Good","Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Coated Metal Arc Welding":"Not Recommended","Spot Weld":"Good","Seam Weld":"Not Recommended","Butt Weld":"Good","Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Forming":"Poor","Machinability Rating":"30"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Marine","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW707R":{"code":"CW707R","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn30As","description":"CW707R is a dezincification-resistant brass in the high-copper CuZn30As family, combining 68.5-71.5% copper with a controlled arsenic addition of 0.02-0.06% for corrosion protection in warm, acidic water. Under EN12451 R340 temper it delivers 340 MPa minimum tensile strength but only 130 MPa proof strength, offset by an exceptionally high 45% minimum elongation across round, hex, and square sections. Its pure alpha-phase structure and excellent cold-working properties suit coining, riveting, crimping, and cold extrusion operations.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":68.5,"max":71.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.07},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"As","min":0.02,"max":0.06},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN12451","temper":"R340","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"340 MPa","proofMin":"130 MPa","elongMin":"45%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"340 MPa","proofMin":"130 MPa","elongMin":"45%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"340 MPa","proofMin":"130 MPa","elongMin":"45%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.55 g/cm³","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"126 W/(m·K)","Modulus of Elasticity":"114 GPa","Melting Range":"910–965 °C","Thermal Expansion (0–300°C)":"19.7 × 10⁻⁶ /K"},"fabrication":{"Cold Working":"Excellent","Hot Working":"Fair (750–870°C)","Machinability":"25%","Soft Soldering":"Excellent","Hard Soldering":"Excellent","Gas Welding":"Good","Resistance Welding (butt)":"Good","Inert Gas Arc Welding":"Fair"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Consumer","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Ordnance","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CZ126":{"code":"CZ126","standard":"BS","family":"CuZn30As","description":"CZ126 is the British Standard dezincification-resistant grade in the CuZn30As family, matching CW707R’s high-copper, arsenic-inhibited composition (68.5-71.5% Cu, 0.02-0.06% As). Under BS2871 half-hard temper it is qualified by a 400 N/mm² minimum tensile strength and 130 HV minimum hardness for round, hex, and square sections, without separate proof strength or elongation limits. Like other members of this family, it is intended for cold-worked components in warm, acidic water service.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":68.5,"max":71.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.07},{"element":"Fe","max":0.05},{"element":"As","min":0.02,"max":0.06},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.2},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"BS2871","temper":"1/2H","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"400 N/mm²","hardnessMin":"130 HV"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"400 N/mm²","hardnessMin":"130 HV"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"400 N/mm²","hardnessMin":"130 HV"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.55 g/cm³","Electrical conductivity":"28% IACS","Thermal conductivity":"126 W/(m·K)","Thermal expansion coefficient (0–300°C)":"19.7 × 10⁻⁶/K","Modulus of elasticity":"114 GPa","Melting range":"910–965 °C"},"fabrication":{"Cold working capacity":"Excellent","Hot working capacity":"Fair","Machinability":"25%","Hard soldering":"Excellent","Soft soldering":"Excellent","Gas welding":"Good","Resistance welding (butt)":"Good","Inert gas shielded arc welding":"Fair","Hot working temperature":"750–870°C","Soft annealing (1–3 h)":"450–680°C","Thermal stress relieving (1–3 h)":"200–300°C"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Consumer","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Ordnance","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"CW706R":{"code":"CW706R","standard":"EN","family":"CuZn28Sn1As","description":"CW706R is an admiralty-type brass alloying 68.5-72.5% copper with a deliberate 0.90-1.30% tin addition and arsenic (0.06%) for combined dezincification and general corrosion resistance in seawater service. Under EN12451 R360 temper it achieves 360 MPa minimum tensile strength, 140 MPa proof strength, and 45% elongation across round, hex, and square sections. Excellent solderability and brazeability alongside good cold-working performance make it well suited to marine and plumbing tube applications.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":68.5,"max":72.5},{"element":"Pb","max":0.05},{"element":"Fe","max":0.07},{"element":"Sn","min":0.9,"max":1.3},{"element":"Ni","max":0.1},{"element":"P","max":0.01},{"element":"Mn","max":0.1},{"element":"As","min":0.06,"max":0.06},{"element":"Total Others","max":0.3},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"EN12451","temper":"R360","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"75 mm","utsMin":"360 MPa","proofMin":"140 MPa","elongMin":"45%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"70 mm","utsMin":"360 MPa","proofMin":"140 MPa","elongMin":"45%"},{"shape":"Square (A/F)","sizeFrom":"3 mm","sizeTo":"60 mm","utsMin":"360 MPa","proofMin":"140 MPa","elongMin":"45%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.55 g/cm³","Electrical Conductivity":"25% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"63 BTU/ft·hr·ft²·°F","Thermal Expansion Coefficient (0–300°C)":"19.7 × 10⁻⁶/K","Modulus of Elasticity":"4,100 kg/mm²","Melting Range":"890–970 °C"},"fabrication":{"Machinability":"30% (reference: CuZn39Pb3 = 100%)","Cold Working":"Good","Hot Working":"Fair","Resistance Welding (butt)":"Good","Inert Gas Shielded Arc Welding":"Fair","Gas Welding":"Good","Hard Soldering":"Excellent","Soft Soldering":"Excellent","Hot Working Temperature":"680–780°C","Soft Annealing (1–3 h)":"450–650°C","Thermal Stress Relieving (1–3 h)":"250–350°C"},"uses":["Architecture","Automotive","Builders Hardware","Consumer","Electrical","Fasteners","Industrial","Ordnance","Plumbing"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"},"C24000":{"code":"C24000","standard":"UNS","family":"CuZn20","description":"C24000, known as low brass or 80/20 brass, contains 78.5-81.5% copper, the highest copper content in this category, yielding a distinctive golden color alongside good strength and excellent formability. Under ASTM B927 H02 temper it achieves 365 MPa minimum tensile strength at small diameters across round, hex, and octagon sections, declining to 295 MPa with 15% elongation at larger sizes. Its decorative appearance and corrosion resistance make it a standard choice for architectural medallions, musical instrument components, and flexible electrical hose.","chemicalComposition":[{"element":"Cu","min":78.5,"max":81.5},{"element":"Fe","min":0,"max":0.05},{"element":"Pb","min":0,"max":0.05},{"element":"Zn","remainder":true}],"mechanical":{"standard":"ASTM B927","temper":"H02","rows":[{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"1.5 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"365 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"205 MPa","elongMin":"13%"},{"shape":"Round (Dia)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"295 MPa","proofMin":"195 MPa","elongMin":"15%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"365 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"205 MPa","elongMin":"13%"},{"shape":"Hex (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"295 MPa","proofMin":"195 MPa","elongMin":"15%"},{"shape":"Octagon (A/F)","sizeFrom":"6 mm","sizeTo":"12 mm","utsMin":"365 MPa","proofMin":"230 MPa","elongMin":"10%"},{"shape":"Octagon (A/F)","sizeFrom":"12 mm","sizeTo":"25 mm","utsMin":"330 MPa","proofMin":"205 MPa","elongMin":"13%"},{"shape":"Octagon (A/F)","sizeFrom":"25 mm","sizeTo":"50 mm","utsMin":"295 MPa","proofMin":"195 MPa","elongMin":"15%"}]},"physical":{"Density":"8.5 g/cm³ (0.307 lb/in³)","Melting Range":"999–1038 °C (1830–1900 °F)","Electrical Conductivity":"28% IACS","Thermal Conductivity":"71 BTU/sq ft/ft hr/°F","Coefficient of Thermal Expansion":"11.6 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68–572°F)"},"fabrication":{"Machinability":"30% (C36000 = 100%)","Soldering":"Excellent","Brazing":"Excellent","Welding":"Fair"},"uses":["Architecture (medallions, ornamental components, spandrels)","Consumer Goods (clock dials, musical instrument parts, plaques)","Electrical (battery caps, rotor bars in AC motors)","Industrial (flexible hose, bellows, pump lines, welding wire)"],"sourceStatus":"fetched"}}}